Lithium battery and thermal management system: the key to improving thermal safety
Publish Time: 2025-02-27
With the rapid development of electric vehicles and energy storage systems, the performance and safety of lithium battery as a core component have received increasing attention. Among the many safety features of lithium battery, thermal safety is particularly critical. In order to ensure the stable operation of lithium battery under various working conditions, integrated thermal management system has become an important means to improve thermal safety.Lithium battery generates a lot of heat during the charging and discharging process. If the heat cannot be effectively dissipated, the internal temperature of the battery will rise sharply, which may cause "thermal runaway". Thermal runaway will not only lead to the degradation of battery performance, but also may cause short circuit, bulging, and even serious safety accidents such as fire or explosion. In particular, ternary lithium battery is more sensitive to temperature changes and has a higher risk of thermal runaway in high temperature environment. Therefore, integrated thermal management system is crucial to improve the thermal safety of lithium battery.The thermal management system ensures that the battery operates within a suitable temperature range through a series of components and strategies. These components include cooling medium (such as air, liquid or phase change material), heat exchanger, temperature sensor, control unit, etc. The cooling medium is used to absorb and transfer the heat generated by the battery, and the heat exchanger transfers the heat to the environment to maintain the battery temperature within a safe range. The temperature sensor monitors the temperature of the battery in real time and provides feedback signals to the control unit to adjust the operating status of the cooling system.In practical applications, the thermal management system can be customized according to the specific needs and working environment of the lithium battery. For example, in electric vehicles, due to the large volume of the battery pack and high heat dissipation requirements, efficient heat dissipation methods such as liquid cooling or phase change material cooling are usually used. In some scenarios with strict requirements on weight and volume, more compact heat dissipation solutions such as air cooling or heat pipe cooling may be used.In addition to the heat dissipation effect, the reliability and durability of the thermal management system are also key considerations. A high-quality thermal management system can ensure that the lithium battery maintains stable performance during long-term use, extend the battery life, and reduce maintenance costs.In summary, an integrated thermal management system is of great significance to improving the thermal safety of lithium batteries. With the continuous popularization and development of electric vehicles and energy storage systems, the technology of thermal management systems will continue to advance and innovate, providing more reliable guarantees for the safe operation of lithium batteries. In the future, we can expect more intelligent, efficient and environmentally friendly thermal management systems to be applied in the lithium battery field to promote the sustainable development of the new energy industry.
